6、隔離/非隔離

　　一般隔離電源如做成15W，放在LED路燈電源管內，其變壓器體積很(hen)大，很(hen)難放(fang)進去。主要看空間(jian)結構視(shi)具(ju)體情(qing)況而定，隔(ge)離(li)的一(yi)般(ban)只能做到15W，超(chao)過15W的很(hen)少，并且價格很(hen)貴。所(suo)以(yi)(yi)，隔(ge)離(li)的性價比不高，一(yi)般(ban)是(shi)非隔(ge)離(li)的占主流較多，體積可(ke)以(yi)(yi)做得更(geng)小，最小可(ke)以(yi)(yi)做到高8毫(hao)米，實際上，非隔(ge)離(li)的安(an)全措(cuo)施做好(hao)了，是(shi)不存在問題的。空間(jian)允許(xu)的也可(ke)以(yi)(yi)做隔(ge)離(li)電源。

LED漏(lou)電(dian)的(de)(de)問(wen)題，有(you)很多人都(dou)遇到過(guo)。有(you)的(de)(de)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)生產檢測(ce)(ce)時(shi)(shi)就發現(xian)，有(you)的(de)(de)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)客戶使用時(shi)(shi)發現(xian)。漏(lou)電(dian)出(chu)現(xian)的(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)機也各(ge)有(you)不同。有(you)些(xie)(xie)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)LED封(feng)裝完成(cheng)后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)試時(shi)(shi)就有(you);有(you)些(xie)(xie)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)倉庫放置一段時(shi)(shi)間(jian)后(hou)(hou)出(chu)現(xian);有(you)些(xie)(xie)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)老(lao)化一段時(shi)(shi)間(jian)后(hou)(hou)出(chu)現(xian);有(you)些(xie)(xie)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)客戶焊(han)接(jie)后(hou)(hou)出(chu)現(xian);有(you)些(xie)(xie)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)客戶使用一段時(shi)(shi)間(jian)后(hou)(hou)出(chu)現(xian)。而(er)對漏(lou)電(dian)問(wen)題的(de)(de)具體發生原因，一直困擾著封(feng)裝廠的(de)(de)工程(cheng)師。

　　7、LED路燈電(dian)源(yuan)電(dian)源(yuan)要怎樣才可以做到與燈珠板匹配？

　　一(yi)(yi)些客戶先設(she)計好燈板，再找電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，發現很(hen)難(nan)有合(he)適的(de)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，要么電(dian)(dian)流(liu)太(tai)大，電(dian)(dian)壓太(tai)小(xiao)（如7X1WI》350mA，或(huo)(huo)V《20V）;要么電(dian)(dian)流(liu)太(tai)小(xiao)，電(dian)(dian)壓太(tai)高（如I《200mA或(huo)(huo)V》25V），造成的(de)結果是(shi)發熱嚴(yan)重，效率低(di)，或(huo)(huo)者輸入電(dian)(dian)壓范圍(wei)不夠。其實，選(xuan)擇(ze)一(yi)(yi)個最(zui)優良的(de)串并接方式，加在每個LED上的(de)電(dian)(dian)壓電(dian)(dian)流(liu)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)樣的(de)，而(er)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)效果卻(que)能發揮最(zui)好的(de)性能。最(zui)好的(de)方式是(shi)先和(he)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)廠商(shang)溝(gou)通，量(liang)身定做。或(huo)(huo)自已生產電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)。

　　8、LED的串并(bing)聯與PFC功率因素

　　隔(ge)離式(shi)(shi)輸(shu)(shu)入AC220V高(gao)壓端電(dian)(dian)解電(dian)(dian)容(rong)容(rong)量一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)以輸(shu)(shu)入功(gong)率(lv)1W=1UF，AC110V1W=2UF目(mu)前市場上的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)PFC有三種(zhong)情況：一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)是不帶PFC無功(gong)率(lv)因數補(bu)償專用(yong)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)，其(qi)PF值一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)在0.65左右;二種(zhong)是無源(yuan)功(gong)率(lv)因數補(bu)償PFC電(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)，也(ye)就是無源(yuan)功(gong)率(lv)因數補(bu)償燈(deng)，也(ye)叫(jiao)逐流(liu)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)板(ban)是目(mu)前使用(yong)最廣可(ke)(ke)(ke)靠性最好，PF值一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)在0.92左右;還用(yong)三種(zhong)是用(yong)有源(yuan)主動式(shi)(shi)7527/6561電(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)做(zuo)的(de)(de)，也(ye)就是有源(yuan)功(gong)率(lv)因數補(bu)償，稱為APFC電(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)中AC220V，AC110V可(ke)(ke)(ke)以用(yong)同容(rong)量的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)解電(dian)(dian)容(rong)，選用(yong)1W=1.5UF。PF值可(ke)(ke)(ke)以達到0.99，但這(zhe)個方(fang)案的(de)(de)成本比第二種(zhong)方(fang)案貴一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)倍可(ke)(ke)(ke)靠性略差(cha)。所以第二種(zhong)方(fang)案用(yong)的(de)(de)較多。對(dui)于無源(yuan)式(shi)(shi)PFC電(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)：也(ye)叫(jiao)做(zuo)填谷式(shi)(shi)PFC電(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)，其(qi)直流(liu)工作電(dian)(dian)壓范圍是交流(liu)輸(shu)(shu)入電(dian)(dian)壓峰值的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)半。如輸(shu)(shu)入是220V，其(qi)峰值是220*1.414=312V，峰值電(dian)(dian)壓的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)半是156V，在非隔(ge)離式(shi)(shi)基礎上輸(shu)(shu)出波為上半波沒(mei)有下半波。

LED漏(lou)電(dian)的問(wen)題，有(you)(you)(you)很多人都遇到過。有(you)(you)(you)的是(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)生產檢測時就發(fa)(fa)現(xian)，有(you)(you)(you)的是(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)客(ke)戶(hu)使用時發(fa)(fa)現(xian)。漏(lou)電(dian)出(chu)現(xian)的時機也各有(you)(you)(you)不同。有(you)(you)(you)些(xie)是(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)LED封裝(zhuang)完(wan)成后(hou)的測試時就有(you)(you)(you);有(you)(you)(you)些(xie)是(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)倉庫(ku)放置一段(duan)時間后(hou)出(chu)現(xian);有(you)(you)(you)些(xie)是(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)老化一段(duan)時間后(hou)出(chu)現(xian);有(you)(you)(you)些(xie)是(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)客(ke)戶(hu)焊接后(hou)出(chu)現(xian);有(you)(you)(you)些(xie)是(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)客(ke)戶(hu)使用一段(duan)時間后(hou)出(chu)現(xian)。而對漏(lou)電(dian)問(wen)題的具(ju)體發(fa)(fa)生原(yuan)因，一直困擾著(zhu)封裝(zhuang)廠的工(gong)程師。

　　所(suo)以LED路(lu)燈(deng)(deng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)珠(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)串(chuan)聯數最多45串(chuan)以下(xia)為宜。因此，要想得到比較大(da)的功率因素，燈(deng)(deng)珠(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的串(chuan)聯數不能(neng)太少(shao)，否(fou)則(ze)就(jiu)達不到最佳(jia)工(gong)作狀態，在隔離式(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)上串(chuan)聯數量多少(shao)與副繞組匝數多少(shao)有關，必須(xu)要做到的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)功率要滿足(zu)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出功率。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)元件(jian)在額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)工(gong)作范圍(wei)內工(gong)作電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)越(yue)小發(fa)熱越(yue)底壽命(ming)越(yue)長，反之壽命(ming)就(jiu)會越(yue)短。LED路(lu)燈(deng)(deng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)珠(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)對交流(liu)份(fen)量很敏(min)感，交流(liu)份(fen)量越(yue)高光(guang)線(xian)舒適(shi)度就(jiu)越(yue)差。一(yi)般要用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)來(lai)維持電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，盡可能(neng)減少(shao)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出端(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)交流(liu)份(fen)量，底壓(ya)(ya)端(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)容(rong)量不能(neng)太小，容(rong)量與輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)比例為1UF《1.5MA否(fou)則(ze)LED會出現(xian)閃(shan)爍。非隔離式(shi)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)入端(duan)高壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)選擇(ze)與隔離式(shi)相(xiang)同，輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出端(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)選擇(ze)1UF《6MA。調光(guang)LED電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)在輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出端(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)要滿足(zu)1UF《0.5MA。

　　9、LED路燈電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)效率

　　輸(shu)入(ru)功率(lv)減去輸(shu)出功率(lv)值 ，這個(ge)參數尤為(wei)重要，值越(yue)(yue)大(da)(da)效(xiao)率(lv)就(jiu)越(yue)(yue)低(di)，就(jiu)意味(wei)著輸(shu)入(ru)功率(lv)有(you)很大(da)(da)一(yi)部分轉化為(wei)熱量(liang)散發出來 ;如(ru)果是(shi)裝(zhuang)在燈(deng)內(nei)就(jiu)會產(chan)生一(yi)個(ge)很高的(de)(de)溫度(du)，再(zai)加上(shang)我們(men)(men)LED的(de)(de)一(yi)個(ge)光(guang)效(xiao)比所散發熱量(liang)，就(jiu)會疊加產(chan)生更高的(de)(de)溫度(du)。而(er)我們(men)(men)的(de)(de)電源(yuan)內(nei)部所有(you)電子零件的(de)(de)壽命都會隨溫度(du)的(de)(de)上(shang)升而(er)縮短(duan)。所以說效(xiao)率(lv)是(shi)決定電源(yuan)壽命最根(gen)本的(de)(de)因(yin)數，效(xiao)率(lv)不能太(tai)低(di)，否(fou)則消耗在電源(yuan)上(shang)的(de)(de)熱量(liang)太(tai)大(da)(da)。非隔離式(shi)(shi)效(xiao)率(lv)高于隔離式(shi)(shi)，一(yi)般在80%以上(shang)就(jiu)可以了(le)，不過，效(xiao)率(lv)與燈(deng)板(ban)的(de)(de)匹配接法有(you)關

　　10、LED路燈電(dian)源散熱

　　散(san)熱(re)(re)方(fang)案主要因素是LED路燈電源珠在(zai)不(bu)過熱(re)(re)條件下使用能大大延長(chang)壽命，一般用鋁合(he)金，更易于散(san)熱(re)(re)。也就(jiu)是LED路燈電源珠貼在(zai)鋁基板上，外部盡量擴大散(san)熱(re)(re)面積。